نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشیار زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه اصفهان
چکیده
این مقاله با رویکردی روانکاوانه و نشانهشناسانه به تحلیل داستان کوتاه نشانهها و نمادها اثر ولادیمیر ناباکوف میپردازد و نشان میدهد که چگونه سوژۀ لاکانی در مواجهه با جنون ارجاعی، دچار خطای مقولهای و کژدیسگی دلالت میشود. مطالعۀ حاضر فرایند پیچیدۀ تعامل سوژه با نشانهها و نمادها را کاویده است و روشن میسازد که تجربۀ زیسته و فهم معنا در داستان، نهصرفاً براساس روابط علت و معلولی، بلکه از مسیر دلالتهای همزمان، متضاد و غیرقابل تأیید نشانهها شکل میگیرد. تحلیل بخشهای مختلف داستان با تمرکز بر مؤلفههای روانکاوانه، فلسفی و معنایی نشان میدهد که گرهگشایی معنا برای سوژه و خواننده با محدودیتهای ساختاری و ذهنی مواجه است و این محدودیتها خود محصول تقابل میان تجربۀ عینی، تفسیر ذهنی و فشارهای روانی است. یافتهها حاکی است که ناباکوف با ایجاد سیالیت معنا، تراکم نمادین و فراوانی دلالتها، خواننده را به مشارکت فعال در بازشناسی و تولید معنا فرامیخواند. از این منظر، فضای داستان نهصرفاً یک روایت خطی بلکه عرصهای برای تجربۀ پیچیدگی وجودی، تعلیقِ شناختی و کشمکش میان فهم شخصی و ساختار متن میشود و امکان تأمل عمیق در سوبژکتیویته، تعارضات روانی و تعامل با نشانهها را فراهم میآورد، به گونهای که هر خواننده با توجه به تجربه و تفسیر خود با لایههای متعدد معنا مواجه میشود.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Category Error and Indeterminacies of Signification in Nabokov's Signs and Symbols
نویسنده [English]
- Masoud AlgoonehJouneghani
-Associate professor of Persian language and literature Humanities faculty- University of Isfahan
چکیده [English]
Vladimir Nabokov’s short story ‘Signs and Symbols’ (1948) presents a deceptively simple narrative: an elderly Jewish couple visiting their mentally ill son in a sanatorium, then returning home to receive puzzling phone calls. However, beneath this surface lies a dense network of signs, symbols, and referential delusions that challenge any stable interpretation. The son suffers from “referential mania”, a condition in which every natural or artificial object (clouds, dead birds, playing cards, telephone rings) seems to carry a coded message uniquely addressed to him. This clinical picture resonates deeply with Jacques Lacan’s psychoanalytic theory, particularly his concepts of the split subject, the three registers (Imaginary, Symbolic, Real), and the fundamental role of misrecognition and slippage in the production of meaning. This study asks: How does Nabokov’s story stage Lacanian category errors, and what are the implications for understanding subjectivity and literary signification? By combining psychoanalysis and semiotics, the research moves beyond traditional symbol-hunting to reveal the structural indeterminacy that defines both psychosis and narrative art.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Nabokov
- Signs and Symbols
- Lacanian subject
- referential mania
- category error
- indeterminacy of signification
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