Document Type : Original Article
Abstract
Manifestos are texts typically produced by political, social, cultural, or literary groups or parties to critique dominant ideologies in society and offer new definitions thereof. A prime example is the manifestos of leftist parties in Iran, which emerged under the influence of Marxist-Leninist teachings and sought to redefine the boundaries between art (literature) and ideology. The Tudeh Party Manifesto is the most significant manifesto produced by leftist parties in Iran. Following the literary doctrine of the Communist Party (Socialist Realism), it characterized literature as a tool for criticizing capitalism, engaging in class struggle, and raising consciousness among the subordinate class, thereby establishing a new framework for producing artistic (literary) works. This research aims to examine the influence of Marxist-Leninist thought on the literary views and opinions of Ehsan Tabari, as the foremost theorist of the Tudeh Party in Iran, through a study of his works. The findings indicate that despite Ehsan Tabari's strict adherence to the Communist Party's literary doctrine, his direct engagement with Marx's ideas led him to occasionally adopt a critical perspective toward it, demonstrating that he was not merely an unquestioning follower.
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