Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 literature Student At Mazandaran University
2 Associate , Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages, University of Mazandaran,
3 Persian Language and Literature, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
4 Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages, Mazandaran, Iran
Abstract
Death and anxiety arising from the awareness of death have long been a thorn in the human soul. Existentialism is a science that tries to teach readers how to properly face and accept existential concerns and reduce their anxiety, especially about death. The novel and its descriptive structure can be significant in the phenomenological approach in this school of psychoanalysis. In this article, two psychological novels from the 1980s and 1990s of contemporary Iranian literature have been examined in terms of existential concerns and defense mechanisms, and the authors have tried to represent the differences in the views of the creators of these works in the field of existential issues by analyzing the qualitative content. The results show that among the existential components in the story of aging, more attention has been paid to thoughts of death and anxiety and fear arising from facing it, and in the story of the anatomy of depression, anxiety in facing death, freedom of choice, and emptiness have been the most prominent. What both texts have in common is a strong belief in prophecy, religious beliefs, dream interpretation, and bad luck, which is actually a reflection of defense mechanisms against fear and anxiety caused by death. It seems that in studying these works, familiarity with important existential concerns and awareness of defense mechanisms that are considered in existential psychotherapy helps to better understand the behavior of fictional characters and makes it possible to recognize the individual and understand his actions.
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